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- From: mss+@andrew.cmu.edu (Mark Sherman)
- Newsgroups: comp.text
- Subject: Fwd: Use of ODA in the Internet
- Message-ID: <cafmoiK00VsAAncUg=@andrew.cmu.edu>
- Date: 26 Jul 90 17:49:34 GMT
- References: <9007250939.aa04561@NRI.NRI.Reston.VA.US>
- Organization: Information Technology Center, Carnegie Mellon, Pittsburgh, PA
- Lines: 138
-
- From Peter Kirstein.....
-
- - ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- FACITLITIES FOR PROPOSED PILOT ACTIVITY
- USING OFFICE DOCUMENT ARCHITECTURE FACILITIES
- FROM UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON AND THE PODA PROJECT
-
- Text communication on an open system, broad-based scale was made possible
- by the emergence of a number of standards. The most important of these,
- ASCII, ensured that a test document could be composed on one system, could be
- transmitted to another (on-line or by some other medium), and reproduced
- elsewhere with no loss of meaning. ASCII was a National Standard;
- eventually it was extended to the International Alphabet No 5 and then the
- extended character set to allow for national characteristics.
-
- There have been many proprietary activities in extending the standard to
- include processable formatted text, and mixed-mode documents. Some, like
- nroff, have had a considerable following; that one is limited, however, to
- text applications and does not directly map to WYSIWYG editors. The more
- advanced Wordprocessing packages have taken another approach; they have
- allowed the import/export of documents from other systems with special
- packages. Some have even allowed the import of bit-map or geometric
- graphic documents from other sources to be incorporated. All these
- approaches have a common drawback; as the number of proprietary packages
- have grown, the number of import/export formats has had to grow.
-
- To aid in document interchange, a number of approaches have been tried.
- Many of the manufacturers have tried to get their proprietary formats
- accepted universally. The one with the most success has been Adobe Inc.
- with POSTSCRIPT; many systems can accept POSTSCRIPT [1] and print it out
- (with minor inconsistencies), but it is certainly not appropriate for the
- interchange of Processable text for collaborative working. There is one
- attempt at an International Standard which has worked better: the
- Standardised Generalised Mark-up Language (SGML) [2], [3]. This has been
- adopted widely for text documents. It has still a number of facilities
- which can be defined by private conventions, so that it does not follow
- that SGML documents are universally reprocessable; nevertheless, providing
- that conventions are agreed, it goes very far for high quality text. SGML
- does not do well, however, with other types of document content like
- tables, bitmap graphics, and geometric graphics.
-
- To aid with the interchange of mixed-mode documents, the International
- Standards Organisation has developed the Office Documents Architecture
- [4]. This Standard is still being developed further, but its present
- version already supports formattable text, bit-map graphics (and facsimile)
- and geometric graphics. Extensions under development include incorporation
- of Data and Spreadsheets, Colour, Security (Confidentiality, Authenticity
- and Integrity) and even Voice Annotation. To ensure interoperability,
- there are various profiles adopted internationally; one of these is Q112
- [5]. Many manufacturers are developing editor products which can
- interchange documents to the ODA/ODIF standards of [4] and [5]. In
- particular, Apple, British Telecom, Bull, DEC, IBM, ICL, Nixdorf, Oce,
- Olivetti, Siemens, UCL, and UNISYS showed interworking systems at the
- CEBVIT '90 in Hanover in March 1990. Few of these are yet real products,
- but several of the above have announced product plans. While the editors
- represented often had higher internal functionality, there was still far
- greater functionality in processable mixed-mode documents passed between
- the above systems than in any other heterogeneous interchanges.
-
- In CEBIT '90, the document interchange was via X.400 (1984); by using
- UUENCODE or some other agreed format, it would also be possible to
- interchange the documents by SMTP or any other mechanism which was designed
- only for text interchange.
-
- In the Internet Community, there are no good standards yet for mixed-mode
- docuemts. In view of the current status of the ODA standard, and of the
- imminence of real ODA products, it would seem appropriate to investigate
- the suitablility of ODA for Internet purposes. Many of the organisations
- mentioned above have offered to make available there packages for such a
- trial. The details have still to be worked out on the terms of
- availability, but in principle the following should be available with
- ODA/ODIF interchange packages:
-
- Editors from Apple and DEC
- SLATE from BBN/UCL
- WORD from Bull
- WORDPERFECT from ICL
-
- Few details are available yet on most of the above. One purpose of this
- note is to determine who would be interested in any of the above being
- pursued more vigorously. The BBN SLATE package was developed (initially as
- DIAMOND), partially under DARPA and NSF auspices (the latter under the
- EXPRES project). The UCL ODA postprocessor [6] was developed under two
- European ESPRIT (INCA and PODA [7]). In the PODA demonstrations, SLATE/ODA
- was integrated with the PP X.400 system developed by UCL [8]. However, a
- version is now being packaged together, using SLATE v1.1 and the UCL tools,
- which will allow the use either of X.400/X.25, X.400/TCP/IP or
- SMTP/TCP/IP. The software runs on Sun workstations, and makes use of the
- ISODE Systemm (currently v6 [9]), which has been developed principally by
- M. Rose, but assisted by people in other organisations (including UCL).
- Reference 7 is being made available for annonymous FTP at nisc.nyser.net
- [192.33.4.10] from the directory pub/isode/directory.
-
- UCL is currently investigating the status of the other software packages
- mentioned above; at the momnent only the one based on SLATE is known to be
- complete and conformant. Most of those used in the PODA demonstrations are
- completely experimental, and many are embedded in Office Automation
- systems, and thus are not really suitable for use in a Pilot. People
- interested in participating in the use of ODA in a Pilot project should
- contact R. Hagens (Hagens@wisc.edu) or P. Kirstein
- (Kirstein@cs.ucl.ac.uk). It would be helpful if they indicated the
- equipment they would wish to use, and whether they wished to use the system
- based on SLATE or one of the others indicated above.
-
-
- REFERENCES
-
-
- 1. Adobe: PostScript Language Manual, Adobe Systems Inc, Palo Alto, 1984.
-
- 2. ISO: Information Processing - Standardised Generalised Markup
- Language, IS 8879, International Standards Organisation, Geneva, 1988.
-
- 3. ISO: Information Processing - SGML Document Interchange Format, IS
- 9069, International Standards Organisation, Geneva, 1988.
-
- 4. ISO: Information Processing, Text and Office Systems - Office
- Document Architecture (ODA) and Interchange Format (ODIF), IS 8613,
- ISO, Geneva, 1988.
-
- 5. EWOS: ODA Document Application Profile Q112 - Processable and
- formatted documents - Extended mixed mode, PrENV 41 510, Paris, 1988.
-
- 6. S. Golkar et al.: ODA Activities at University College London and
- their relation to the PODA Project, submitted to Commputer Networks and
- ISDN Systems, 1990.
-
- 7. J. Nelson et al.: ODA/ODIF - the Standard Solution to Document
- Interchange, ESPRIT'89; Proceedings of the 6th Annual ESPRIT, Brussels,
- Nov 27-Dec 1 1989.
-
- 8. S.E.Kille: PP - A Message Transfer Agent, Conference on Message
- Handling Systems and Distributed Applications, pp 115-118, October
- 1988.
-
- 9. M.T. Rose: The ISO Development Environment User's Manual, V6,
- available from U of Delaware and UCL, 1990
-